There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, the demand for solar panels in Pakistan is about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a dollar shortage, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant that distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
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What are the major challenges facing the solar panel market in Pakistan following the recent surge in imports?
**Interview on the Solar Energy Boom in Pakistan**
**Interviewer:** Welcome, Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp. Thank you for joining us to discuss the recent surge in solar panel imports and its implications for Pakistan’s energy landscape.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. It’s a crucial moment for solar energy in Pakistan, and I’m glad to share insights.
**Interviewer:** The Bloomberg NEF report highlights that 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. How significant is this for Pakistan’s market, especially considering the previous restrictions on imports?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Absolutely significant. In 2023, we faced a drastic limitation on imports due to a dollar shortage and restrictions on non-essential items. For nearly nine months, solar panel imports were almost completely stalled. However, this vast influx not only meets the rising demand—estimated at 3.5 GW—but also positions Pakistan as the third largest market for solar exports from China.
**Interviewer:** With such a high volume of imports, are we seeing a direct impact on pricing and market dynamics?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Yes, we are. Initially, the direct import cost was around $0.15 per watt, but in the local market, these panels were being sold for $0.30 per watt—resulting in a lucrative 100% profit. This attracted many new players into the market, including companies that traditionally dealt in other goods like rice. However, with the market now flooded with panels, we’re starting to see a squeeze on profit margins, and some vendors are even selling at a loss in 2024.
**Interviewer:** That’s quite a shift. What explains the rapid changes in the market, and how are investors responding?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** The rapid changes stem from both soaring electricity prices in Pakistan and the sheer volume of solar panels available. Investors see solar as a straightforward investment with a typical return on investment within 18 months to two years. Despite the current turmoil and price drops, many believe solar power remains a solid investment, especially with increasing electricity costs driven by various regulatory and governance issues.
**Interviewer:** Speaking of governance, how have regulatory frameworks like net metering influenced the solar market in Pakistan?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Net metering has played a pivotal role in encouraging solar adoption. It allows consumers to receive credit for the surplus energy they produce, making solar systems more economically attractive. Even though the profitability of net metering might fluctuate, the underlying demand for solar remains robust as prices for conventional electricity continue to rise.
**Interviewer:** what do you see as the future for solar energy in Pakistan?
**Muhammad Mujahid:** I believe we are at a transformative stage. Major investments from both local and multinational companies are coming in, and as technological advancements continue, solar energy will become a cornerstone of Pakistan’s energy infrastructure. If managed strategically, this could lead to greater energy independence and sustainability for the country.
**Interviewer:** Thank you, Muhammad, for your insights. It’s clear that the solar energy sector in Pakistan is experiencing dynamic changes, and it will be interesting to see how it develops in the coming years.
**Muhammad Mujahid:** Thank you for having me. The future certainly looks bright for solar in Pakistan!