UK Cedes Sovereignty of Chagos Islands to Mauritius: A New Era Begins

In a landmark decision, the United Kingdom has agreed to transfer sovereignty of the Chagos Islands to Mauritius, marking a important shift in the geopolitical landscape of the Indian Ocean. This agreement, however, is intricately tied to the future of the UK-US military base on Diego Garcia, the largest island in the archipelago.

The Core of the Agreement: Diego Garcia’s Future Secured

The transfer of sovereignty ensures the continued operation of the UK-US military base on Diego Garcia. The base’s status is now “undisputed and legally secure” for the foreseeable future, resolving a point of contention that has persisted for over half a century. While the specific terms of the agreement are still unfolding, the commitment to maintaining this strategic asset remains paramount.

Trump’s endorsement and a Prolonged Lease

Former US President Donald Trump signaled his support for the deal, indicating he would be prepared to back Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer’s deal. Speaking in the Oval Office alongside Sir Keir, President Trump stated, “We’re going to have some discussions about that very soon, and I have a feeling it’s going to work out very well.” Trump further elaborated, “They’re talking about a very long-term, powerful lease, a very strong lease, about 140 years actually. That’s a long time, and I think we’ll be inclined to go along with your contry.” The proposed plan includes the UK leasing Diego Garcia for 99 years, with an option for a 40-year extension, solidifying the base’s long-term viability.

Strategic Military and Intelligence Implications

Foreign Secretary David Lammy emphasized the importance of US approval, stating the agreement could be off if it did not get the president’s backing “because we have a shared military and intelligence interest with the United States and of course they’ve got to be happy with the deal”. this underscores the critical nature of the US-UK alliance in maintaining stability in the region.

Background: A History of Contestation

Mauritius, a former British colony, has long asserted that it was coerced into relinquishing the Chagos Islands in exchange for its independence in 1968. This historical grievance has fueled international pressure on the UK to cede control of the archipelago. Various United Nations bodies,including its top court and general assembly,have sided with Mauritian sovereignty claims,further isolating the UK’s position.

Negotiations and Political Shifts

The plan to cede sovereignty was initially announced in October 2024, following an agreement with former Mauritian leader Pravind Jugnauth. However, Jugnauth’s subsequent defeat in a parliamentary election introduced uncertainty, particularly as his successor, Navin Ramgoolam, has voiced criticism of the negotiated deal.Mauritian Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam also stated that US representatives would be present in negotiations over the islands.

Potential Implications and Future Outlook

The agreement has sparked debate, with some raising concerns about potential security implications, particularly regarding China’s growing influence. There are also questions surrounding the financial implications for the UK,specifically whether funds to lease back the military base would impact previously announced increases in defense spending.

Conclusion: A Step Towards Reconciliation

The transfer of sovereignty over the Chagos Islands to Mauritius represents a significant step towards rectifying historical injustices while simultaneously securing the long-term strategic interests of the UK and the US. This agreement ensures the continued operation of the Diego Garcia military base, a vital asset for maintaining regional stability. As negotiations progress, it is crucial to remain informed about the evolving geopolitical landscape and its potential impact. Stay tuned for further updates and analysis as this historic transfer unfolds.