There is a lot of solar panels in Pakistan at the moment. According to a Bloomberg NEF report, 13 GW of solar panels were imported from China in the first half of 2024. According to one project developer, importing such a large number of solar panels resulted in solar panels being “seen on the roads.” In 2023, the demand for solar panels in Pakistan is about 3.5 GW, and in early 2024, Pakistan will be the target for Chinese solar exports. became the third largest market.
Muhammad Mujahid, executive director of Innovo Corp, said that in 2022, Pakistan’s central bank faced a dollar shortage, leading to a trade deficit and an informal ban on imports. Only essential goods such as medicine and food could be imported, which meant that distributors were unable to bring in solar panels for nearly nine months.
Despite these restrictions, some solar panels were imported. Generally, a letter of credit (LC) is required from the importer’s bank to import goods. However during the foreign exchange crisis in 2022, issuance of LCs was limited. This situation provided an opportunity for the big players in the market to take advantage.
Hussain Khan of Wateen Energy Solutions said that the direct cost of importing the panels was $0.15 per watt while they were being sold at $0.30 per watt in the local market, a 100 percent profit in the trading business. Seeing the profit rate, everyone started ordering solar panels. Companies that were also exporting rice ventured into this business. For example, they exported rice and now they could bring their dollars back from other countries and suddenly the distribution of solar panels increased significantly.
Mohammad Mujahid said that selling solar panels was not a problem and no experience was necessary, meaning that it was not difficult for you to amortize solar panels from grade A manufacturing companies and sell them in the local market. .
Wateen Energy Solutions installed 30 MW of solar panels in the last 18 months and plans to install about 50 MW in 2025.
According to Khan, solar panels systems are a “straightforward investment” because they typically begin to generate a return on investment (ROI) within 18 months to two years.
Solar panel costs that are not included in the monthly budget
According to him, even if net metering becomes less profitable, solar power will still be a good investment as electricity prices in Pakistan have risen sharply.
According to the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA), electricity prices rise due to various factors including currency devaluation, demand reduction, excess transmission and distribution losses, theft, demand fluctuations, legal disputes and poor governance. has happened
Haniya Asad, an energy finance specialist at the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA), said it is difficult to get out of long-term contracts with IPPs, which last for 25 to 30 years, because they are legally bound. When these agreements were signed in the 1990s and early 2000s, Pakistan faced significant energy shortages, leading the government to offer attractive terms to attract foreign investment. Unfortunately, the power sector has not developed much since then, and similar incentives are still needed to attract investment.
According to Umar M Malik, Chief Executive of Shams Power, his company is the first company in Pakistan to sign power supply agreements with Commercial and Industrial (C&I) clients. owns the generating capacity and supplies this energy to consumers at a fixed rate.
He added, “Our business model is that we do everything. We finance the project, we build it, we operate it, and the contract is for 15 to 20 years and we provide power to ourselves at a discount to the grid price, in some cases. Our customers are also getting discounts of up to 70%.
The Pakistani government is well aware that the private sector is keen to deploy solar capacity at a faster pace, but this also risks exacerbating capacity affordability issues.
Syed Faizan Ali Shah, an expert on renewable sources and grid integration, said that allowing unlimited solar power generation could disrupt Pakistan’s electricity market.
He explained that a sharp decline in grid payments from the commercial and industrial sector could put further financial pressure on central utilities. These challenges are an important consideration for the government, as they have to maintain market stability while promoting solar energy.
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What strategies does Wateen Energy Solutions employ to navigate the challenges and fluctuations in the solar energy market in Pakistan?
**Interview with Hussain Khan, Director of Wateen Energy Solutions**
**Interviewer:** Today, we have Hussain Khan, the Director of Wateen Energy Solutions, joining us to discuss the rapid expansion of the solar energy market in Pakistan. Thank you for being here, Hussain.
**Hussain Khan:** Thank you for having me.
**Interviewer:** Let’s dive right in. Recent reports indicate that Pakistan imported a staggering 13 GW of solar panels from China in the first half of 2024, making it the third largest market for solar exports from China. What do you think led to this significant surge in solar panel imports?
**Hussain Khan:** The increase in imports can be largely attributed to the rising demand for renewable energy solutions in Pakistan. In 2023 alone, the demand reached about 3.5 GW. With energy prices continually climbing, more businesses and households are looking for cost-effective solutions, and that’s where solar power comes in. The profit margins in the local market also encouraged numerous businesses to pivot toward solar, as they saw a clear opportunity given the direct cost of importing panels was as low as $0.15 per watt and selling for around $0.30.
**Interviewer:** That’s quite a profit margin. However, there were also challenges, particularly during the foreign exchange crisis of 2022. Can you explain how that impacted the solar market?
**Hussain Khan:** Absolutely. During 2022, a dollar shortage led to a significant trade deficit. The central bank restricted imports, allowing only essential goods. For nearly nine months, distributors couldn’t import solar panels. This situation did create challenges, but it also allowed major players to establish themselves when restrictions lifted. Once the market opened, everyone rushed to order panels, leading to the current saturation we see today.
**Interviewer:** Speaking of saturation, how has the influx of solar panels affected pricing and the overall market dynamics?
**Hussain Khan:** The market saturation has indeed driven profit margins down significantly. As of 2024, some prices have even reached a point where panels are being sold at a loss. Initially, the investment in solar panels was incredibly profitable, enticing many investors. However, the rapid influx has created a highly competitive environment. Despite this, I believe the long-term investment in solar remains sound due to the ongoing increase in electricity prices across Pakistan.
**Interviewer:** So, despite the current market challenges, you still see potential for growth in solar energy?
**Hussain Khan:** Definitely. We’re installing more solar panels than ever—30 MW in the past 18 months, and we plan to install 50 MW more in 2025. The return on investment typically begins within 18 months to two years, making it an attractive option for anyone with the capital to invest. Even if net metering becomes less favorable, solar power can still be an excellent investment because the cost of grid electricity will likely continue to rise.
**Interviewer:** Thank you, Hussain, for sharing your insights on the evolving solar energy landscape in Pakistan. It sounds like despite the fluctuations, there’s a bright future ahead for solar energy.
**Hussain Khan:** Thank you for the opportunity. I’m excited about the future of solar in Pakistan.